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How many tribes are there in nz- Māori people - Wikipedia
The South Island has a range of high Alps. There is much fertile farm land and grazing lands. The climate is generally mild. The population is over 4 million. The Maori are Sea people. They were a tribe or federation of tribes with a common origin. They refer to ourselves as belonging to a waka canoe meaning which of the seven or so original canoes that our ancestors came on from the sacred land of Havaiki.
The tribal origin canoe is also the source of mana power, prestige, and land ownership and the focal point of our genealogies, because they regard all members of the tribe as descendants from our ancestral canoe crew. The commanders of the canoes were said to be direct descendants of the gods and from them are descended the chiefs of the tribes. Some tribes have no origin canoe, yet are still thought of as waka by other tribes, even though they only refer to themselves as iwi bones.
When tribes visit, the visitors are symbolically pulled onto the marae meeting place with the shout, Toia mai Te waka! Haul up the canoe! The universe, land, gods, men, and all living creatures are kinfolk, bound in a tangle of shared ancestry, and this is expressed in the term tangata whenua land men.
The principle that ordered the apparent chaos of plants, animals, objects, and men in the tribal world was genealogy , described as the twining tendrils of the gourd plant with its stem tahuhu main line of descent and branches kawae subsidiary lines in one ancient metaphor Taylor and this is represented in the curving red, white, and black paintings on the underside of the ridgepole tahuhu and rafters heke descent line of the modern meeting house.
Genealogy, the main object of Maori scholarship, was an aristocratic reckoning, but it was not a simple aristocracy of birth. Iho can mean the heart, kernel, pith, essence, such as that which contains the strength of a thing, the principal person or guest, the umbilical cord, a lock of hair, or being upward in a superior position.
This expresses the thought that lines of descent come down to a person like the hundred hairs on his head, bringing him power from his ancestors and effective force in the world. Just like the gourd plant or a tree, a descent line might flourish and thrive, or if its vital force is attacked, it might fail altogether and die.
Like the plant, it is rooted in the land. The red and black vine-like designs in the wood carvings on the meeting houses are symbolic of these vines. Many canoes came to the shores of New Zealand and Chatham Island. From the many waka came ngati tribes and hapu or sub-tribes. In ancient times, the names of the ancestors were taught to the eldest son or the son with the most intelligence.
The young man would be taught to recite in a special house of learning called a Whare Waananga. Ngatiwhaka-aue Maketu and Lake Country. Ngatiraukawa Otaki Arowhenua.
Waikato Valley of Waikato to Manukau. Ngatimaniapoto Valley of Waipa to Mokau. Te Whakatohea Bay of Plenty and inland. Ngatipouri Cape Runaway and inland. Ngatituwharetoa Lake Taupo and centre of North Island. Ngatitama From Mokau inland. Taranaki West Coast near Mount Egmont. Ngatiruanui Waitotara and inland Ngarauru Waitotara to Whanganui and inland. Currently in most contexts authorities require some documentation of ancestry or continuing cultural connection such as acceptance by others as being of the people ; but no minimum ancestry requirement.
There may have been some exploration and settlement before eruption of Mount Tarawera in about , based on finds of bones from Polynesian rats and rat-gnawed shells, [20] and evidence of widespread forest fires in the decade or so prior; [21] [22] but the most recent evidence points to the main settlement occurring as a planned mass migration somewhere between and Factors that operated in the transition to the Classic period the culture at the time of European contact include a significantly cooler period from , [33] and the extinction of the moa and of other food species.
The Classic period is characterised by finely-made pounamu greenstone weapons and ornaments; elaborately carved war canoes and wharenui meeting houses. The settlements had farmed areas and food sources for hunting, fishing and gathering. Three years later, after a promising start, du Fresne and 26 men of his crew were killed.
Relations were mostly peaceful, although marred by several further violent incidents, the worst of which was the Boyd massacre and subsequent revenge attacks. European settlement in New Zealand began in the early 19th century, leading to an extensive sharing of culture and ideas. When violence did break out, as in the Wairau Affray , Flagstaff War , Hutt Valley Campaign and Wanganui Campaign it was generally limited and concluded with a peace treaty.
In , the Crown set up the Waitangi Tribunal to investigate historical grievances, [78] and since the s the New Zealand government has negotiated and finalised treaty settlements with many iwi across New Zealand. Historian Michael King suggests a slightly higher figure of , is more likely.
This is an increase of , people The large increase between the and census was mainly due to Statistics New Zealand adding ethnicity data from other sources previous censuses, administrative data, and imputation to the census data to reduce the number of non-responses. There were , males and , females, giving a sex ratio of 0. The median age was In terms of population distribution, Archaeological record indicates a gradual evolution of culture.
Certain objects, areas, or buildings are tapu spiritually restricted , and must be made noa unrestricted by ceremonial action. There are kapa haka groups in schools, tertiary institutions, and workplaces, and it is performed at tourist venues across the country.
They fulfilled various roles including storytelling, religious traditions and also daily functions such as the beginning of a new day. It was the highest-grossing film in New Zealand until , [] [] and received international acclaim, winning several international film prizes. At the Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, 41 of the competitors Ki-o-rahi received an unexpected boost when McDonald's chose it to represent New Zealand.
These now [update] extend right through secondary schools kura tuarua. Polynesian settlers in New Zealand developed a distinct society over several hundred years. Tohunga also held special standing in their communities as specialists of revered arts, skills and esoteric knowledge.
Shared ancestry, intermarriage and trade strengthened relationships between different groups. In contrast, warfare developed as an integral part of traditional life, as different groups competed for food and resources, settled personal disputes, and sought to increase their prestige and authority. Significant amounts of land were also purchased by the colonial government and later through the Native Land Court.
Formerly the central meeting spaces in traditional villages, marae today usually comprise a group of buildings around an open space, that frequently host events such as weddings, funerals, church services and other large gatherings, with traditional protocol and etiquette usually observed.
New Zealand law periodically requires consultation between the government and tangata whenua —for example, during major land development projects. Successive governments have responded by enacting affirmative action programmes, funding cultural rejuvenation initiatives and negotiating tribal settlements for past breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi. Less frequent use of healthcare services mean that late diagnosis and treatment intervention lead to higher levels of morbidity and mortality in many manageable conditions.
Debate occurs frequently as to the relevance and legitimacy of the separate electoral roll and the reserved seats. The National Party announced in it would abolish the seats when all historic Treaty settlements have been resolved, which it aimed to complete by The party did not achieve any representatives in the 52nd New Zealand Parliament , [] but regained two seats in the 53rd.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand. For the Maohi people of the Society Islands, see Tahitians. Not to be confused with Maouri people , Mauri , or Moriori.
Further information: Archaeology of New Zealand. Religious affiliation [] No religion. Witi Ihimaera. Taika Waititi. Temuera Morrison. Keisha Castle-Hughes. See also: Cultural appropriation. Retrieved 17 November Retrieved 28 October Retrieved 7 December Census; maximum figure represents sum of "Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander" and people of mixed race.
United States Census Bureau Washington, D. Census Bureau. Oxford English Dictionary Online ed. Oxford University Press. Subscription or participating institution membership required. Journal of World Prehistory. Retrieved 13 December Retrieved 18 December Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 8 July BBC Sport. The Journal of the Polynesian Society.
JSTOR Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Bibcode : PNAS.. PMC PMID November ISBN Retrieved 18 January Nature Communications. Bibcode : NatCo ISSN Journal of Archaeological Science. Journal of the Polynesian Society. The New York Times. Retrieved 19 March Smithsonian Magazine.
NBC News. An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 17 July The Prow. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. S2CID Open Systems Journal. Retrieved 18 August Paul; Waters, Jonathan M.
How many tribes are there in nz -
Iwi groups trace their ancestry to the original Jany migrants who, according to tradition, arrived from Hawaiki. Some iwi cluster into larger groupings that are based on whakapapa genealogical tradition and known thwre waka literally " canoes ", with reference to the original migration voyages. These super-groupings generally serve symbolic rather than practical functions. In modern-day New Zealandiwi can exercise significant political power in the management of land and of other assets.
A attempt by some iwi to test in court their ownership of the seabed and foreshore areas polarised public opinion see New Zealand foreshore and seabed controversy.
Each iwi has a generally recognised territory rohebut many of these overlap, sometimes completely. The length hoq coastline emerged as one factor in the final legislation to allocate fishing-rights in settlement of how many tribes are there in nz relating to commercial fisheries.
The following extract from a High Court of New Zealand judgment discussing the process of settling fishing rights illustrates some of the issues:. Related but less important tirbes, are that a hapu may belong to more than one iwi, жмите particular hapu may have how many tribes are there in nz to different iwi at mant times, the tension caused by the social and economic power moving from the iwi down rather than from the hapu up, and the fact that many iwi do not recognise spouses and adoptees who do приведенная ссылка have kinship links.
Как сообщается здесь 11 per cent nany not state their iwior stated only a general geographic region, or merely gave a waka name. Some established pan-tribal organisations may [ according to whom?
Many iwi operate or are affiliated with media organisations. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Iwi disambiguation. Main article: List of iwi. /3356.txt Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Multilingual Matters.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Auckland, New Zealand. What if value and rights lie foundationally in groups? The Maori case. The ancient history of the Maori, his mythology and traditions. Maori wars ttribes the nineteenth century; the struggle of the northern against the southern Maori tribes prior to the colonisation of New Zealand in The Maori as he was: A brief account of Maori life as it was in pre-European days. The coming of the Maori. Retrieved 5 April Retrieved National Library of New Zealand.
Retrieved 9 September Austronesian Comparative Dictionary. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Retrieved 30 September The vision for the Maori Party will be based on these aspirations [ The New Zealand Herald.
Auckland: APN. Calls from Maori activist Tame Iti for self-government arrangements for the Tuhoe tribe similar to those How many tribes are there in nz, Scotland and Northern Trbes have trbies the UK have been backed by a leader likely to negotiate the tribe's Treaty settlement. While other hlw have focused on economic transfer of assets as a way of achieving tino rangatiratanga or self-determination, Tuhoe have spelled out their intention to negotiate constitutional issues.
Wellington: Statistics New Zealand. Te Ohu. Retrieved 13 September Retrieved 14 Адрес Massey University. Retrieved 20 September Pacific Journalism Review. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Auckland: University of Auckland. AVC Group. Retrieved 19 September ttribes Indigenous people of New Zealand Aotearoa.
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